Basic mathematical functions, as well as number field manipulation like truncation and rounding. Click on a function name below to continue:
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Abs
Description | Returns the absolute value of a number. |
Remark | --- |
Example | Ex. Abs(-23.1) – returns 23.1. |
Acos
Description | Returns the arccosine, or inverse cosine, of a number. |
Remark | The input must be from -1 to 1. |
Example | Ex. Acos(-.231) – returns 1.80390168255052. |
Acosh
Description | Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of the given number. |
Remark | The input must be a real number greater than or equal to 1. |
Example | Ex. Acosh(10) – returns 2.993223. |
Asin
Description | Returns the arcsine of the given number in radians, in the range -Pi/2 to Pi/2. |
Remark | The input is the sine of the angle you want and must be in the range from -1 to 1. |
Example | Ex. Asin(-0.5) – returns 0.5236. |
Asinh
Description | Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number. |
Remark | The input can be any real number. Note: asinh(sinh(n)) returns n. |
Example | Ex. Asinh(-2.5) – returns -1.64723. |
Atan
Description | Returns the arctangent, inverse tangent of a number. |
Remark | The input can be any real number. Atan returns an angle given in radians in the range -Pi/2 to Pi/2. |
Example | Ex. Atan(1) – returns 0.785398 (pi/4). |
Atan2
Description | Returns the angle from the x-axis to a line containing the origin (0, 0) and a point with coordinates (x,y). |
Remark | The input requires two values, the x and y coordinates. Note: If both x,y are 0, then Atan2 will return the error #Div/0! A negative result represents a clockwise angle. |
Example | Ex. Atan2(1, 1) – returns 0.785398 (pi/4). |
Atanh
Description | Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number. |
Remark | The input must be from -1 to 1. |
Example | Ex. Atanh(.76159416) – returns 1 (approximately). |
Ceiling
Description | Returns the number rounded up, away from zero, to the nearest multiple of significance. |
Remark | The input requires two values: the number to be rounded and the multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, a value is rounded up when adjusted away from zero. Note: If the argument is non-numeric, then Ceiling returns the error #VALUE! |
Example | Ex. Ceiling(4.42,.05) – returns 4.45. |
Cos
Description | Returns the cosine of an angle in radians. |
Remark | The returned angle is given in radians in the range 0 (zero) to pi. If you want to convert the result from radians to degrees, then multiply it by 180/PI() or use the DEGREES function. |
Example | Ex. Cos(1.047) – returns 0.500171. |
Cosh
Description | Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number. |
Remark | --- |
Example | Ex. Cos(4) – returns 27.30823. |
Even
Description | Returns a number rounded up to the nearest even integer. |
Remark | Regardless of the sign of the number, a value is rounded away from zero. Note: If the number is non-numeric, then EVEN returns the error #VALUE! |
Example | Ex. Even(1.5) – returns 2. |
Exp
Description | Returns e raised to the power of the input. |
Remark | Exp is the inverse of Ln, the natural logarithm. |
Example | Ex. Exp(1) – returns 2.718282 (the approximate value of e). |
Fixed
Description | Returns the first argument rounded to the number of decimal places specified in the second argument. |
Remark | Takes three inputs: 1. The number you want to round. |
Example | Ex. Fixed(1234.5678, 2) – returns 1,234.56. |
Floor
Description | Round the number down, toward zero, to the nearest multiple of significance. |
Remark | The input requires two values: the number to be rounded, and the multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, a value is down toward zero. Note: If the argument is non-numeric, then Floor returns the error #VALUE! |
Example | Ex. Floor(2.6, .5) – returns 2.5. |
Int
Description | Rounds a number down to the nearest integer. |
Remark | The input must be a real number. |
Example | Ex. Int(2.6) – returns 2. |
Ln
Description | Returns the natural logarithm of a number. |
Remark | LN is the inverse of the EXP function. |
Example | Ex. Ln(86) – returns 4.454347. |
Log
Description | Returns the logarithm of a number to the base you specify. |
Remark | The first input is the number, and the second is the base (if omitted, base 10 is used). |
Example | Ex. Log(100) – returns 2. |
Log10
Description | Returns the base 10 logarithm of a number. |
Remark | --- |
Example | Ex. Log10(86) – returns 1.934498451. |
Mod
Description | Returns the remainder after the first argument is divided by the second argument. |
Remark | The second argument must not be 0. |
Example | Ex. Mod(27,5) – returns 2. |
Odd
Description | Returns a number rounded up to the nearest odd integer. |
Remark | The input must be a real number. Odd always rounds away from zero. |
Example | Ex. Mod(1.5) – returns 3. |
Pi
Description | Returns the number 3.14159265358979, the mathematical constant pi, accurate to 15 digits. |
Remark | --- |
Example | Ex. Pi() – returns 3.14159265358979. |
Power
Description | Returns the result of the first argument raised to the second argument. |
Remark | The operator ^ may be used instead of this function |
Example | Ex. Power(5,2) – returns 25. |
Product
Description | Returns the product of the arguments. |
Remark | The * symbol may be used in place of the product Arguments must be numbers, cell references or text representations of numbers. |
Example | Ex. Product(5,2) – returns 10. Also, 5 * 2 - returns 10. |
Quotient
Description | Returns the integer portion of a division. |
Remark | The / symbol may be used in place of the product This function discards the remainder of the division. |
Example | Ex. Quotient(5,2) – returns 2. Also, 5/2 – returns 2. |
Rand
Description | Returns an evenly distributed random number between 0 and 1 (inclusive). |
Remark | To generate a random real number between a and b, use: RAND()*(b-a)+a. |
Example | Ex. Rand() – returns a random number between 0 and 1. |
Round
Description | Returns a rounded number. |
Remark | Takes one or two inputs: 1. The number to round. |
Example | Ex. Round(5.236, .01) – returns 5.24 |
Sin
Description | Returns the sine of the given angle. |
Remark | The returned angle is given in radians in the range 0 (zero) to pi. If you want to convert the result from radians to degrees, then multiply it by 180/PI() or use the DEGREES function. |
Example | Ex. Sin(1.047) – returns .0865926611287823. |
Sinh
Description | Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number. |
Remark | --- |
Example | Ex. Sinh(4) – returns 27.1899171971278. |
Sqrt
Description | Returns the positive square root of the argument. |
Remark | If the input is negative Sqrt returns the error #NUM!. |
Example | Ex. Sqrt(25) – returns 5. |
Tan
Description | Returns the tangent of the given angle. |
Remark | The returned angle is given in radians in the range 0 (zero) to pi. If you want to convert the result from radians to degrees, then multiply it by 180/PI() or use the DEGREES function. |
Example | Ex. Tan(.785) – returns .99920. |
Tanh
Description | Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number. |
Remark | --- |
Example | Ex. Tanh(-2) – returns .96403. |
Trunc
Description | Truncates a number to an integer by removing the fractional part of the number. |
Remark | INT and TRUNC are different only when using negative numbers: TRUNC (-4.3) returns -4, but INT (-4.3) returns -5 because -5 is the lower number. |
Example | Ex. Truncate(9.9) – returns 9. |
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